Animals and herds thus became an essential link between man and his natural environment. In other words, the nomadic way of life always tried to (and had to) maintain an equilibrium between the resources of the natural environment and the needs of the people. But the following characteristics are more or less ubiquitous attributes of pastoral nomads: (1) dependence on domesticated animal husbandry (2) migration along established routes between focal grazing areas (3) mobility of herds, people, and their habitats and (4) predominant economic dependence on the herds and their products. Pastoral nomadism is difficult to define with an overarching and all-embracing definition. This form of nomadism is a very old way of life that differentiated in time and space, and developed a variety of genres de vie. But this entry is only concerned with the pastoral nomads in Iran and Afghanistan. Three forms of nomadism can be distinguished: nomadic hunters and gatherers, pastoral nomads, and non-sedentary people whose economic activities focus on tinkering and trading. The migrational movements of nomads are connected with clearly defined routes and destinations where the nomads spend equally clearly defined periods of time with the ultimate goal of pursuing economic activities and ensuring their livelihood. NOMADISM, a way of life and human existence that is connected with permanent and more or less regular movements of people between different locations.
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